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ANTIBIOGRAM - drug choosing

 An antibiogram is an overall profile of antimicrobial susceptibility testing results of a specific microorganisms to a battery of antimicrobial drugs. 

It shows susceptibility of the microorganism investigated to particular antimicrobial drugs. Obtained results classified as: resistant, intermediate or sensitive to the action of a certain antibiotic. 


White disks: the antimicrobial drugs. Unaffected area around the white disks: growth of the microorganism i.e. the drug does not kill the microbe. Affected area around the disks (radii of inhibited areas) gets bigger (no organism growth) with as much as the drug can affect the microbe's growth. In clinics, this affected area is measured (to be taken into consideration for treatment choosing by the clinican), along with the name of each drug with annotations such as "microbe not resistant to drug X - diameter of inhibition zone measured: MIC (Y mm)".
X: name of the drug/antibiotic
Y: number measured in mm


MICROBIOLOGY - fast kits

VARIOUS RAPID MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS

    - include several rapid test kits with multimicrobial identification;

    - can be performed on blood, serum, urine or faecal material.

Example: 


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THE CLINICAL ANALYSIS LABORATORY - BASICS

BASICAL CLINICAL ANALYSIS LABORATORY


CLINICAL SERUM BIOCHEMISTRY


GLYCATED HEMOGLOBIN (BLOOD)


PROTEIN ELECTROFORESIS (SERUM)


URIANALYSIS (1st in the morning/8h URINE):

                     - BIOCHEMISTRY  OF URINE

                     - BASIC MICROSCOPY OF URINE (SEDIMENTATION)


CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY (BLOOD AND FAECAL SAMPLES)

                    - AUTOMATIC

                    - RAPID MANUAL TESTS


IONOMETRY (SERUM/URINE): 

                            - SODIUM

                            - POTASSIUM

                            - OTHERS


CLINICAL BLOOD HAEMATOLOGY AND HAEMOSTASIS

            - HAEMATOLOGY

                    - COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT (CBC): RBCs, WBCs, PLTs

                    - BLOOD SEDIMENTATION (ESR-ERYTHROCYTE SEDIMENTATION RATE)

            - HAEMOSTASIS:

                    COAGULATION (PLASMA): FIBRINOGEN; PT, INR; CT/BT; TT; APTT                

                    - BLOOD TYPE IDENTIFICATION: A, B, O; Rh Factor


MICROBIOLOGY (SERUM/BLOOD, URINE, FAECAL, CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ETC): 

                     - MICROORGANISMS IDENTIFICATION

                                                             - CULTURE GROWTH

                                                             - ANTIBIOGRAM

                                                             - VARIOUS RAPID MICROBIOLOGICAL EXAMINATIONS