RAPID KIT TESTS
These are commonly used in immunological diagnosis. The most frequent tests performed as rapid kit tests are for detecting: helicobacter pylori antigen (from stool) and antibody (from blood); hepatitis antibody/antigen (from blood); others: giardia lamblia antigen (from stool), troponin antibody (from blood), detection of parasites (from stool) and many others (from other fluids as well).
Serological detection techniques emphasize antibody presence. They are highly used in clinical labs as immunological rapid tests, rapid kit tests that can also identify antigenic presence. The most common technique that such rapid kits use is the immunochromatography method of detection. A certain amount of blood (upon kit specification) is released on the cassette which may already have the reagent added. In some cases (kit specification) an amount of reagent is also added, along with the blood (serum/whole/venepuncture blood, upon kit specification).
The quick test devices are designed for the in-vitro diagnosis use only; the cassette has a sample hole made of the material enabling the reagent to proceed. The membrane that constitutes the test device has been formed ultimately once the specific antigens/antibodies are passed through the test band space as well as the monoclonal antibodies specific to various pathogens under analysis are passed through the front cover.
The antibody reaction takes part in the end section of buffer membrane contenting the golden resultant. In case the antigens are present in the patient's sample, it dissolves in the solution included in the sampling bottle then proceeds by using the mixture form of chromatographically antigen-antibody-antigen golden particles towards test space (T) in order to form a visible line. Thus, a visible line appearance in the T space confirms the positive result in the detection of the pathogen. Otherwise, this visible line shall not appear. Unless this visible line is seen in T space, the result is negative. However, there is a color line every time in the control space (C). This control line is a procedural indicator. It confirms that the sufficient sample solution is dropped, the sample expands in the test properly and reagent is under control.
