Phosphorous: serum and urinary.
Serum phosphorous
Phosphorous is, after calcium, the most abundant mineral element in the body, being in any tissue. Phosphate is the major intracellular anion. In the cell, phosphorous is mainly involved as organic phosphorous in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism or is bound to proteins and only a small part is present as a phosphate ion. The kidneys are the main regulators of phosphorous homeostasis; approximately 80% of the glomerular filtered amount is reabsorbed in the proximal tubules and 10% in the distal tubules.
Biological reference range:
Newborns: 4.5-9.0 mg/dL; children: 4.5-5.5 mg/dL; adults: 2.7-4.5 mg/dL.
Urinary phosphorous
It is recommended to determine urinary phosphorous for the evaluation of phospho-calcium balance and nephrolithiasis.
Biological reference range: 400-1300 mg/24h; first morning urine: 40-140 mg/dL.
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